Zaɓin motoci da rashin aiki

Zaɓin nau'in mota yana da sauƙi, amma kuma mai rikitarwa.Wannan matsala ce da ta ƙunshi dacewa da yawa.Idan kuna son zaɓi nau'in da sauri kuma ku sami sakamako, ƙwarewa ita ce mafi sauri.

 

A cikin masana'antar kera injina, zaɓin injina matsala ce ta gama gari.Yawancinsu suna da matsala a cikin zaɓin, ko dai sun yi yawa don ɓata, ko kuma ƙanƙanta don motsawa.Yana da kyau a zabi babba, aƙalla ana iya amfani da shi kuma injin yana aiki, amma yana da wahala a zaɓi ƙarami.Wani lokaci, don adana sarari, injin yana barin ƙaramin wurin shigarwa don ƙaramin injin.A ƙarshe, an gano cewa an zaɓi motar don ƙarami, kuma an maye gurbin ƙirar, amma girman ba za a iya shigar da shi ba.

 

1. Nau'in injina

 

A cikin masana'antar sarrafa kansa, akwai nau'ikan injina guda uku da aka fi amfani da su: asynchronous mai mataki uku, stepper, da servo.Motocin DC ba su da iyaka.

 

Wutar lantarki asynchronous mataki uku, ƙarancin daidaito, kunna lokacin da aka kunna.

Idan kuna buƙatar sarrafa saurin, kuna buƙatar ƙara mai sauya mitar, ko kuna iya ƙara akwatin sarrafa saurin gudu.

Idan mai sauya mitar yana sarrafa ta, ana buƙatar injin sauya mitar na musamman.Duk da cewa ana iya amfani da injina na yau da kullun tare da masu canza mita, samar da zafi yana da matsala, kuma wasu matsalolin zasu faru.Don takamaiman gazawar, zaku iya bincika akan layi.Motar da ke kula da akwatin gwamna za ta rasa wutar lantarki, musamman idan an daidaita shi da ƙaramin kayan aiki, amma mai sauya mitar ba zai yi ba.

 

Stepper Motors su ne buɗaɗɗen madauki motoci tare da ingantacciyar madaidaici, musamman matakan matakai biyar.Akwai ƴan matakai na cikin gida masu matakai biyar, wanda shine madaidaicin fasaha.Gabaɗaya, stepper ba a sanye shi da mai ragewa kuma ana amfani dashi kai tsaye, wato, mashin fitarwa na injin yana haɗa kai tsaye zuwa kaya.Gudun aiki na stepper gabaɗaya yana da ƙasa sosai, kusan juyi 300 ne kawai, ba shakka, akwai kuma lokuta na juyin juya halin mutum ɗaya ko biyu, amma kuma yana iyakance ga babu kaya kuma ba shi da ƙimar aiki.Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa babu accelerator ko decelerator gaba ɗaya.

 

servo shine motar da aka rufe tare da madaidaicin madaidaici.Akwai servos na gida da yawa.Idan aka kwatanta da alamun kasashen waje, har yanzu akwai babban bambanci, musamman ma'anar inertia.Wadanda aka shigo da su za su iya kaiwa sama da 30, amma na cikin gida za su iya kaiwa kusan 10 ko 20.

 

2. Inertia mota

 

Muddin motar tana da inertia, mutane da yawa suna watsi da wannan batu lokacin zabar samfurin, kuma wannan shine sau da yawa ma'auni mai mahimmanci don sanin ko motar ta dace.A yawancin lokuta, daidaitawa servo shine don daidaita rashin aiki.Idan zaɓi na inji ba shi da kyau, zai ƙara motar.Nauyin gyara kuskure.

 

servos na farko na cikin gida ba su da ƙarancin rashin ƙarfi, matsakaitan inertia, da babban inertia.Lokacin da na fara hulɗa da wannan kalmar, ban fahimci dalilin da yasa motar da ke da iko iri ɗaya za ta kasance tana da ma'auni guda uku na ƙananan, matsakaici, da babban rashin aiki.

 

Ƙananan inertia yana nufin cewa an yi motar motar da sauri da tsayi, kuma rashin aiki na babban shaft yana da ƙananan.Lokacin da motar ta yi babban motsi mai maimaitawa, inertia ƙananan ƙananan kuma ƙarfin zafi yana da ƙananan.Sabili da haka, injiniyoyi tare da ƙananan inertia sun dace da babban motsi mai maimaitawa.Amma juzu'i na gabaɗaya kaɗan ne.

 

Nada na servo motor tare da high inertia ne in mun gwada da lokacin farin ciki, da inertia na babban shaft yana da girma, kuma karfin juyi yana da girma.Ya dace da lokatai tare da babban juzu'i amma ba saurin ramawa motsi ba.Saboda motsi mai sauri don tsayawa, direban dole ne ya samar da babbar wutar lantarki ta baya don dakatar da wannan babban rashin aiki, kuma zafi yana da girma sosai.

 

Gabaɗaya magana, motar da ke da ƙananan inertia yana da kyakkyawan aikin birki, farawa mai sauri, saurin amsawa ga haɓakawa da tsayawa, mai sauri mai sauri mai sauri, kuma ya dace da wasu lokuta tare da nauyi mai sauƙi da matsayi mai sauri.Kamar wasu hanyoyin sakawa masu saurin sauri na layi.Motoci masu matsakaici da manyan inertia sun dace da lokatai tare da manyan kaya da buƙatun kwanciyar hankali, kamar wasu masana'antar kayan aikin injin tare da hanyoyin motsi madauwari.

Idan kaya yana da girma ko kuma halayen haɓaka yana da girma, kuma an zaɓi ƙaramin inertia mota, za a iya lalata shinge da yawa.Zaɓin ya kamata ya dogara ne akan dalilai kamar girman nauyin kaya, girman girman hanzari, da dai sauransu.

 

Inertia na motsa jiki kuma muhimmiyar alama ce ta servo Motors.Yana nufin inertia na servo motor kanta, wanda yake da matukar muhimmanci ga haɓakawa da raguwar motar.Idan inertia bai dace da kyau ba, aikin motar zai zama maras kyau.

 

A gaskiya ma, akwai kuma inertia zažužžukan ga sauran Motors, amma kowa da kowa ya raunana wannan batu a cikin zane, kamar talakawa bel conveyors Lines.Lokacin da aka zaɓi motar, an gano cewa ba za a iya farawa ba, amma yana iya motsawa tare da turawa.A wannan yanayin, idan kun ƙara raguwar rabo ko iko, zai iya aiki akai-akai.Mahimmin ka'idar ita ce babu wani madaidaicin inertia a farkon matakin zaɓi.

 

Don sarrafa amsawar direban motar servo zuwa motar servo, ƙimar mafi kyau shine cewa rabon inertia mai ɗaukar nauyi zuwa inertia na rotor shine ɗayan, kuma matsakaicin ba zai iya wuce sau biyar ba.Ta hanyar ƙirar na'urar watsawa na inji, ana iya yin kaya.

Matsakaicin inertia zuwa inertia na injin rotor yana kusa da ɗaya ko ƙarami.Lokacin da inertia na kaya yana da girma sosai, kuma ƙirar injiniya ba zai iya yin rabon inertia na kaya zuwa na'urar rotor inertia kasa da sau biyar ba, ana iya amfani da motar da ke da babban motsi na motsi, wato, abin da ake kira babba. inertia motor.Don cimma wani amsa lokacin amfani da mota tare da babban inertia, ƙarfin direba ya kamata ya fi girma.

 

3. Matsaloli da al'amuran da aka fuskanta a cikin ainihin tsarin ƙira

 

A ƙasa mun bayyana sabon abu a cikin ainihin aikace-aikacen injin mu.

 

Motar tana rawar jiki lokacin farawa, wanda a bayyane yake rashin isassun inertia.

 

Ba a sami matsala ba a lokacin da motar ke tafiya da ƙananan gudu, amma idan gudun yana da yawa, yana zamewa idan ya tsaya, kuma mashin fitarwa yakan juya hagu da dama.Wannan yana nufin cewa inertia matching ne kawai a iyakar matsayi na mota.A wannan lokacin, ya isa ya ƙara yawan raguwa kaɗan.

 

Motar 400W tana ɗaukar ɗaruruwan kilogiram ko ma tan ɗaya ko biyu.Wannan a fili ana ƙididdige shi ne kawai don iko, ba don juzu'i ba.Duk da cewa motar AGV tana amfani da 400W don jan lodin kilogiram ɗari da yawa, saurin motar AGV yana da sauri sosai, wanda ba kasafai ake yin shi ba a aikace-aikacen sarrafa kansa.

 

Motar servo tana sanye da injin tsutsa.Idan dole ne a yi amfani da shi ta wannan hanya, ya kamata a lura cewa gudun motar kada ya wuce 1500 rpm.Dalilin shi ne cewa akwai zamiya gogayya a cikin tsutsotsi gear deceleration, gudun ne da yawa, zafi yana da tsanani, da lalacewa ne da sauri, da kuma sabis da aka dan kadan rage.A wannan lokacin, masu amfani za su koka game da yadda irin wannan shara take.Kayan tsutsa da aka shigo da su za su fi kyau, amma ba za su iya jurewa irin wannan barnar ba.Amfanin servo tare da kayan tsutsa yana kulle kansa, amma rashin amfani shine asarar daidaito.

 

4. Load inertia

 

Inertia = radius na juyawa x taro

 

Muddin akwai taro, hanzari da raguwa, akwai rashin aiki.Abubuwan da ke juyawa da abubuwan da ke motsawa cikin fassarar suna da rashin aiki.

 

Lokacin da talakawa AC asynchronous Motors ake amfani da gaba ɗaya, babu bukatar yin lissafin inertia.Siffar injinan AC ita ce lokacin da abin da ake fitarwa bai isa ba, wato, tuƙin ya yi nauyi sosai.Ko da yake jujjuyawar yanayin tsaye ya isa, amma inertia na wucin gadi yana da girma sosai, to Lokacin da motar ta kai saurin da ba a ƙididdigewa ba a farkon, motar tana raguwa sannan kuma ta yi sauri, sannan a hankali tana ƙara saurin, kuma a ƙarshe ya kai ƙimar ƙimar. , don haka drive ɗin ba zai yi rawar jiki ba, wanda ke da ɗan tasiri akan sarrafawa.Amma lokacin zabar motar servo, tun da motar servo ta dogara da sarrafa ra'ayi na encoder, farawarsa yana da tsauri sosai, kuma dole ne a cimma manufa ta sauri da manufa.A wannan lokacin, idan adadin rashin kuzarin da injin zai iya jurewa ya wuce, motar za ta yi rawar jiki.Sabili da haka, lokacin ƙididdige motar servo a matsayin tushen wutar lantarki, dole ne a yi la'akari da mahimmancin inertia.Wajibi ne a lissafta rashin aiki na ɓangaren motsi wanda a ƙarshe ya canza zuwa motar motsa jiki, kuma yi amfani da wannan inertia don ƙididdige juzu'i a cikin lokacin farawa.

 


Lokacin aikawa: Maris-06-2023