A zahiri, injin lantarki wani abu ne da ke canza kuzari zuwa motsi wani nau'in sashin injin, ya zama mota, na'urar bugawa.Idan motar ta daina jujjuyawa a lokaci guda, duniya ba za ta iya misaltuwa ba.
Motocin lantarki suna da yawa a cikin al'ummar zamani, kuma injiniyoyi sun samar da nau'ikan injina daban-daban a cikin ƙarni.
Yawancin motoci suna actuators, ma'ana cewa ta hanyar aikace-aikace na karfin juyi, suna haifar da motsi.Na dogon lokaci, ƙarfin tuƙi na na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa shine ma'auni na lokacin.Duk da haka, irin wannan nau'in mota yana karuwa a cikin karni na 21 tare da ci gaba na kayan aiki na lantarki, tare da gaskiyar cewa wutar lantarki ta zama mai yawa kuma mai sauƙin sarrafawa.A cikin biyun, ɗayan ya fi ɗayan?Ko kuma wannan ya dogara da yanayin.
Bayanin tsarin hydraulic
Idan kun taɓa yin amfani da jack ɗin bene, ko tuƙi abin hawa mai birki mai ƙarfi ko tuƙin wuta, kuna iya mamakin za ku iya motsa abubuwa masu yawa ba tare da kashe ƙarfi da yawa ba.(A gefe guda, ƙila aikin canza taya a gefen hanya yana iya cinye ku don yin la'akari da waɗannan tunanin.)
Wadannan ayyuka da makamantansu ana yin su ta hanyar amfani da na'urorin lantarki.Tsarin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ba ya haifar da wuta, amma a maimakon haka ya canza shi daga tushen waje zuwa hanyar da ake bukata.
Nazarin hydraulics ya ƙunshi manyan yankuna biyu.Na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa shine amfani da ruwa don yin aiki a babban adadin kwarara da ƙananan matsi.“Tsoffin kera” injin niƙa suna amfani da kuzari a cikin ruwa don niƙa hatsi.Sabanin haka, hydrostatics yana amfani da babban matsin lamba da ƙarancin ruwa don yin aiki.A cikin harshen kimiyyar lissafi, menene tushen wannan ciniki?
Power, Aiki da sarari
Tushen jiki don amfani da injina na ruwa shine manufar haɓaka ƙarfi.Ƙimar gidan yanar gizo a cikin tsarin shine samfurin ƙarfin hanyar sadarwa da aka yi amfani da shi da kuma nisa da babu adadi Wnet = (Fnet)(d).Wannan yana nufin cewa don nauyin aikin da aka ba da aikin jiki, ƙarfin da ake buƙata don amfani da shi zai iya ragewa ta hanyar ƙara nisa a cikin aikace-aikacen karfi, kamar juyawa na dunƙule.
Wannan ka'ida ta shimfida layi-layi zuwa wurare masu girma biyu daga dangantakar p=F/A, inda p=matsi a cikin N/m2, F= karfi a Newtons, da A = yanki a m2.A cikin tsarin hydraulic inda matsa lamba p ke dawwama, akwai piston-cylinders guda biyu tare da sassan sassan A1 da A2 wanda ke haifar da wannan dangantaka.F1/A1 = F2/A2, ko F1 = (A1/A2)F2.
Wannan yana nufin cewa lokacin da fistan fitarwa A2 ya fi girma fiye da fistan shigar A1, ƙarfin shigarwar zai kasance daidai da ƙarami fiye da ƙarfin fitarwa.
Motocin lantarki suna amfani da gaskiyar cewa filin maganadisu yana yin matsin lamba akan cajin motsi ko halin yanzu.Ana sanya igiyar waya mai jujjuyawa tsakanin sandunan na'urar lantarki ta yadda filin maganadisu ya haifar da juzu'i wanda zai sa na'urar ta juya game da axis.Ana iya amfani da wannan ramin don abubuwa da yawa, kuma, a takaice, motar tana canza makamashin lantarki zuwa makamashin injina.
Hydraulics vs Electric Motors: Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani
Me yasa ake amfani da injin mai ruwa, injin konewa na ciki ko injin lantarki?Fa'idodi da rashin amfanin kowane nau'in motar suna da yawa don haka yakamata a yi la'akari da su a kowane yanayi na musamman.
Amfanin injinan ruwa
Babban fa'idar injunan lantarki shine cewa ana iya amfani da su don samar da manyan runduna.
Injin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa yana amfani da ruwa mara nauyi, wanda ke ba da izinin sarrafa injin don haka mafi girman daidaito a cikin motsi.Daga cikin kayan aikin hannu masu nauyi, suna da amfani sosai.
Rashin amfani da injinan ruwa
Na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa kuma zaɓi ne mai tsada, duk mai da ake amfani da shi, yana yin hakan da gaske, ana buƙatar tacewa, famfo da mai iri-iri, canza su, tsaftacewa, da canza su.Zubewa na iya haifar da aminci da haɗarin muhalli.
Amfanin injin
Buɗewar injin na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ba shi da sauri sosai, motar tana da sauri sosai (har zuwa 10m / s).Suna da saurin shirye-shirye da matsayi na tsayawa, ba kamar na'urorin lantarki ba, wanda zai iya samar da madaidaicin matsayi mai girma da ake buƙata.Na'urori masu auna firikwensin lantarki suna iya ba da madaidaicin martani game da motsi da ƙarfin aiki.
Lalacewar injina
Wadannan injinan suna da sarkakiya da wahala idan aka kwatanta da sauran injinan, kuma suna da saurin gazawa idan aka kwatanta da sauran injinan.Mafi yawansu, illar ita ce, kana bukatar karin karfi, kana bukatar motar da ta fi girma da nauyi, sabanin injinan ruwa.
Gabatarwa zuwa Masu Motsa Jiki na Pneumatic
Na'urar huhu, lantarki, ko na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa na iya zama matsala a wasu yanayi.Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin injinan huhu da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa shi ne cewa injinan ruwa suna amfani da kwararar ruwa yayin da masu sarrafa numfashi ke amfani da iskar gas, yawanci iskar gas.
Motocin huhu suna da fa'ida inda iska ke da yawa, don haka compressor gas ya zama dole da farko.A gefe guda kuma, waɗannan injinan ba su da inganci sosai saboda asarar zafi yana da yawa sosai idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan injin.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-13-2023