Siffar tuƙi na rashin so (srd) da aka canza ta ƙunshi sassa huɗu: Motar da ba ta so (srm ko sr motor), mai canza wuta, mai sarrafawa da ganowa.An haɓaka saurin haɓaka sabon nau'in tsarin sarrafa saurin gudu.Motar da ba ta so da aka canza ita ce motar da ba ta son so biyu, wacce ke amfani da ka'idar mafi ƙarancin ƙima don haifar da juzu'in rashin so.Saboda tsarin sa mai sauƙi da ƙarfi, faɗin kewayon ƙayyadaddun saurin gudu, kyakkyawan aikin sarrafa saurin gudu, da ingantacciyar maɗaukakiyar gudu a cikin kewayon ƙa'idojin saurin gudu.Babban inganci da ingantaccen tsarin tsarin yana sa ya zama mai ƙarfi mai fafatawa na tsarin sarrafa saurin motsi na AC, tsarin sarrafa saurin motsi na DC da tsarin sarrafa saurin motsi na DC mara kyau.Motocin da ba su yarda da su ba sun kasance ko'ina ko kuma an fara amfani da su a fannoni daban-daban kamar tuƙin motocin lantarki, kayan aikin gida, masana'antu na gabaɗaya, masana'antar jirgin sama da tsarin servo, suna rufe tsarin tuƙi mai tsayi da ƙananan gudu tare da kewayon 10w zuwa 5mw, yana nunawa. babbar kasuwa m.
2.1 Motar yana da tsari mai sauƙi, ƙananan farashi, kuma ya dace da babban gudun
Tsarin injin da ba a so ba ya fi sauƙi fiye da na squirrel-cage induction motor wanda gabaɗaya ana ɗauka a matsayin mafi sauƙi.Stator coil ne mai maida hankali iska, wanda yake da sauƙin sakawa, ƙarshen yana da gajere kuma mai ƙarfi, kuma aikin yana da aminci.Yanayin girgiza;rotor an yi shi ne kawai da zanen karfe na siliki, don haka ba za a sami matsaloli irin su simintin keji na squirrel mara kyau da sanduna da aka karye da ake amfani da su yayin aikin kera na'urorin shigar da squirrel keji.Na'ura mai jujjuyawar tana da ƙarfin ƙarfin injina sosai kuma yana iya aiki da sauri sosai.har zuwa juyi 100,000 a minti daya.
2.2 Sauƙaƙe kuma abin dogaro da kewayen wutar lantarki
Hanyar jujjuyawar injin ɗin ba ta da alaƙa da alkiblar iskar wutar lantarki, wato kawai iskar da ake buƙata a cikin hanya ɗaya, ana haɗa nau'ikan juzu'i tsakanin bututun wutar lantarki guda biyu na babban kewaye, kuma za'a kasance. babu hannun gada kai tsaye-ta hanyar kuskure gajere., Tsarin yana da ƙarfin juriya na kuskure da babban abin dogaro, kuma ana iya amfani dashi ga lokuta na musamman kamar sararin samaniya.
2.3 Babban juyi na farawa, ƙarancin farawa na yanzu
Samfuran kamfanoni da yawa na iya cimma ayyukan da ke gaba: lokacin da farkon farawa ya kasance 15% na ƙimar halin yanzu, ƙarfin farawa shine 100% na ƙimar ƙimar;lokacin da farkon halin yanzu shine 30% na ƙimar ƙima, ƙarfin farawa zai iya kaiwa 150% na ƙimar ƙimar.%.Idan aka kwatanta da halayen farawa na sauran tsarin kula da sauri, irin su motar DC tare da 100% farawa na yanzu, sami 100% juyi;squirrel keji induction motor tare da 300% farawa na yanzu, sami karfin juyi 100%.Ana iya ganin cewa motar da ba a so ba ta sauya tana da aikin farawa mai laushi, tasirin yanzu yana da ƙananan yayin farawa, kuma dumama motar da mai sarrafawa ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da na ci gaba da ƙididdiga, don haka ya dace musamman don akai-akai farawa-tasha da juye juye ayyuka, kamar gantry planers, Milling inji, jujjuya mirgina a masana'antar karafa, tashi saws, tashi shears, da dai sauransu.
2.4 Faɗin ƙa'idodin ƙa'ida da ingantaccen inganci
Ingancin aiki yana da girma kamar 92% a saurin ƙididdigewa da ƙimar ƙima, kuma ana kiyaye ingancin gabaɗaya har zuwa 80% a duk jeri na sauri.
2.5 Akwai sigogi masu yawa da za a iya sarrafawa da kyakkyawan aikin ƙa'idar saurin gudu
Akwai aƙalla manyan sigogin aiki guda huɗu da hanyoyin gama gari don sarrafa injunan da ba a so ba: kusurwar jujjuyawar lokaci, kusurwar hutu mai dacewa, amplitude na yanzu da ƙarfin juyi na zamani.Akwai sigogi da yawa masu sarrafawa, wanda ke nufin cewa sarrafawa yana da sauƙi kuma mai dacewa.Daban-daban hanyoyin sarrafawa da siga dabi'u za a iya amfani da bisa ga aiki bukatun na mota da kuma yanayin da mota don sa shi gudu a cikin mafi kyau jihar, kuma shi ma iya cimma daban-daban ayyuka da kuma Specific halaye masu lankwasa, kamar yin Motar tana da daidaitaccen aiki guda huɗu na huɗu (gaba, baya, motsa jiki da birki) iyawa, tare da babban ƙarfin farawa da magudanar ɗawainiya don jerin motoci.
2.6 Yana iya saduwa da buƙatu na musamman daban-daban ta hanyar haɗin kai da haɗin kai na na'ura da wutar lantarki
Mafi kyawun tsari da aikin motar da ba ta so ta canza suna sa filin aikace-aikacen sa ya yi yawa sosai.Ana nazarin aikace-aikacen yau da kullun guda uku masu zuwa.
3.1 Gantry Planer
Gantry planer shine babban injin aiki a masana'antar injina.Hanyar aiki na mai tsarawa ita ce tebur ɗin aiki yana motsa kayan aikin don ramawa.Lokacin da ya ci gaba, mai tsara shirin yana daidaitawa a kan firam ɗin yana tsara aikin aikin, kuma idan ya koma baya, mai shirin yana ɗaga kayan aikin.Daga nan, benci na aiki yana dawowa tare da layin da ba komai.Ayyukan babban tsarin tuƙi na mai tsarawa shine don motsa motsi mai maimaitawa na tebur mai aiki.A bayyane yake, aikin sa yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da ingancin sarrafawa da ingancin samar da na'urar.Don haka, ana buƙatar tsarin tuƙi don samun mahimman kaddarorin masu zuwa.
3.1.1 Babban Halayen
(1) Ya dace da yawan farawa, birki da gaba da jujjuyawa, ba kasa da sau 10 a minti daya ba, kuma aikin farawa da birki yana da santsi da sauri.
(2) Ana buƙatar ƙimar bambance-bambancen tsaye don zama babba.Matsakaicin saurin raguwa daga babu kaya zuwa ɗorawa wuka kwatsam bai wuce 3% ba, kuma ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi na ɗan gajeren lokaci yana da ƙarfi.
(3) Matsakaicin ƙayyadaddun tsarin saurin yana da faɗi, wanda ya dace da buƙatun ƙananan sauri, matsakaici-tsari da tafiye-tafiye mai sauri.
(4) Zaman lafiyar aikin yana da kyau, kuma matsayi na dawowa na zagaye na zagaye daidai ne.
A halin yanzu, babban tsarin tuƙi na gantry planer na cikin gida galibi yana da nau'in naúrar DC da nau'in kama-karya na injin-electromagnetic asynchronous.Yawancin na'urorin da aka sarrafa da na'urori na DC suna cikin yanayin tsufa mai tsanani, motar tana sawa sosai, tartsatsin da ke kan goga yana da girma da sauri da nauyi mai nauyi, gazawar yana da yawa, kuma aikin kulawa yana da yawa. wanda kai tsaye ya shafi samar da al'ada..Bugu da ƙari, wannan tsarin babu makawa yana da rashin amfani na manyan kayan aiki, yawan amfani da wutar lantarki da kuma ƙararrawa.Tsarin asynchronous motor-electromagnetic clutch tsarin ya dogara da kamannin lantarki don gane gaba da jujjuya kwatance, suturar kama yana da mahimmanci, kwanciyar hankali na aiki ba shi da kyau, kuma ba shi da daɗi don daidaita saurin, don haka ana amfani dashi kawai don masu tsara haske. .
3.1.2 Matsaloli tare da Induction Motors
Idan aka yi amfani da tsarin sarrafa saurin mitar induction, akwai matsaloli masu zuwa:
(1) Halayen fitarwa suna da taushi, ta yadda gantry planer ba zai iya ɗaukar isasshen nauyi a ƙananan gudu ba.
(2) Bambanci a tsaye yana da girma, ingancin sarrafawa yana da ƙasa, kayan aikin da aka sarrafa yana da alamu, har ma yana tsayawa lokacin da aka ci wuka.
(3) Juyin farawa da birki kaɗan ne, farawa da birki suna sannu a hankali, kuma filin ajiye motoci yana da girma sosai.
(4) Motar ta yi zafi.
Halayen motar ƙin yarda da aka canza sun dace musamman don farawa akai-akai, birki da aikin motsi.Matsakaicin lokacin farawa yayin aikin motsa jiki yana da ƙanƙanta, kuma matakan farawa da birki suna daidaitacce, don haka tabbatar da cewa saurin ya dace da buƙatun tsari a cikin jeri daban-daban na sauri.ya hadu da.Motar ƙin yarda kuma tana da babban ƙarfin wuta.Ko yana da tsayi ko ƙananan gudu, babu kaya ko cikakken kaya, ƙarfin ƙarfinsa yana kusa da 1, wanda ya fi sauran tsarin watsawa a halin yanzu ana amfani da shi a cikin gantry planers.
3.2 Injin wanki
Tare da ci gaban tattalin arziki da ci gaba da inganta rayuwar jama'a, buƙatun na'urori masu dacewa da muhalli da fasaha suna ƙaruwa.A matsayin babban ƙarfin injin wanki, aikin motar dole ne a ci gaba da inganta shi.A halin yanzu, akwai manyan injinan wanki iri biyu a kasuwannin cikin gida: pulsator da injin wanki.Ko wace irin na’urar wanki ne, babban ka’idar ita ce, motar tana motsa pulsator ko ganga tana jujjuyawa, ta yadda za a samar da ruwa, sannan kuma a rika amfani da ruwa da karfin da bututun da bututun ke samu wajen wanke tufafin. .Ayyukan motar yana ƙayyade aikin injin wanki zuwa babban matsayi.Jihar, wato, yana ƙayyade ingancin wankewa da bushewa, da kuma girman amo da rawar jiki.
A halin yanzu, injinan da ake amfani da su a cikin injin wanki na pulsator galibi injin induction ne na lokaci-lokaci, kuma wasu kaɗan suna amfani da injinan jujjuya mitoci da injin DC marasa goga.Injin wanki na ganga yana dogara ne akan jerin motoci, ban da injin mitar mitar mai canzawa, injin DC maras gogewa, motar rashin son canji.
Abubuwan da ke tattare da amfani da injin induction na lokaci ɗaya a bayyane suke, kamar haka:
(1) ba zai iya daidaita gudun ba
Akwai saurin juyawa ɗaya kawai yayin wankewa, kuma yana da wahala a daidaita da buƙatun yadudduka daban-daban akan saurin juyawa na wanka.Abin da ake kira "wanka mai karfi", "wankewa mai rauni", "wanka mai laushi" da sauran hanyoyin wankewa suna canzawa kawai ta hanyar kawai don canza tsawon lokacin gaba da juyawa, kuma don kula da buƙatun saurin juyawa. yayin wanke-wanke, saurin jujjuyawar lokacin bushewa yakan yi ƙasa kaɗan, gabaɗaya kawai 400 rpm zuwa 600 rpm.
(2) Ingancin yana da ƙasa sosai
Aiki gabaɗaya yana ƙasa da 30%, kuma farkon halin yanzu yana da girma sosai, wanda zai iya kaiwa sau 7 zuwa 8 na halin yanzu.Yana da wahala a daidaita da sau da yawa gaba da baya yanayin wankewa.
Motar jerin jerin injin ce ta DC, wacce ke da fa'idodi na babban juzu'in farawa, ingantaccen inganci, ingantaccen tsarin saurin gudu, da kyakkyawan aiki mai ƙarfi.Koyaya, rashin lahani na jerin injin ɗin shine tsarin yana da rikitarwa, injin na'ura yana buƙatar canzawa ta hanyar injina ta hanyar commutator da goga, kuma zazzagewar juzu'i tsakanin commutator da goga yana da haɗari ga lalacewa na inji, hayaniya, tartsatsi da walƙiya. electromagnetic tsangwama.Wannan yana rage amincin motar kuma yana rage rayuwarsa.
Halayen motar da ba a so ba ya canza yana ba da damar samun sakamako mai kyau lokacin amfani da injin wanki.Canjin rashin son tsarin kula da saurin motsa jiki yana da kewayon sarrafa saurin gudu, wanda zai iya yin "wanka" da
Spins "duk suna aiki a mafi kyawun gudu don daidaitaccen daidaitaccen wankewa na gaskiya, wanke-wanke mai tsabta, wanke-wanke mai laushi, wankin karammiski, har ma da wankin saurin canzawa.Hakanan zaka iya zaɓar saurin jujjuya yadda kake so yayin rashin ruwa.Hakanan zaka iya ƙara saurin gudu bisa ga wasu shirye-shiryen da aka saita, ta yadda tufafi za su iya guje wa girgiza da hayaniya da ke haifar da rashin daidaituwa a lokacin aikin juyawa.Kyakkyawan aikin farawa na motar da ba a so ba zai iya kawar da tasirin motsin motsi akai-akai akai-akai da kuma juyawa farawa na yanzu akan grid na wutar lantarki yayin aikin wankewa, yin wankewa da motsi mai santsi da sauti.Babban inganci na tsarin daidaita saurin motsi na rashin son canjawa a cikin duk kewayon sarrafa saurin na iya rage yawan ƙarfin injin wanki.
Motar DC maras goge haƙiƙa ƙaƙƙarfan ɗan takara ce ga motar da ba ta so ta canza, amma fa'idodin injin ɗin da ba a so ba shine ƙarancin farashi, ƙarfi, babu lalata da ingantaccen aikin farawa.
3.3 Motocin Lantarki
Tun daga shekarun 1980, saboda karuwar hankali da mutane ke da shi kan batutuwan muhalli da makamashi, motocin lantarki sun zama hanya mafi dacewa ta sufuri saboda fa'idarsu ta sifiri, karancin hayaniya, manyan hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki, da yawan amfani da makamashi.Motocin lantarki suna da buƙatu masu zuwa don tsarin tuƙi na motar: babban inganci a cikin duk yankin aiki, ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfin ƙarfi, saurin saurin aiki mai faɗi, kuma tsarin ba shi da ruwa, juriya da tasiri.A halin yanzu, tsarin tuƙi na yau da kullun na motocin lantarki sun haɗa da induction motors, injin DC maras gogewa da kuma injinan rashin so.
Tsarin kula da saurin motsi na rashin son canzawa yana da jerin halaye a cikin aiki da tsari, wanda ya sa ya dace da motocin lantarki.Yana da fa'idodi masu zuwa a fagen motocin lantarki:
(1) Motar yana da tsari mai sauƙi kuma ya dace da babban gudu.Yawancin asarar motar an mayar da hankali ne akan stator, wanda ke da sauƙi don kwantar da hankali kuma za'a iya sanya shi cikin sauƙi a cikin wani tsari na fashewar ruwa mai sanyi, wanda ba ya buƙatar kulawa.
(2) Ana iya kiyaye babban inganci a cikin kewayon iko da sauri, wanda ke da wahala ga sauran tsarin tuki don cimma.Wannan fasalin yana da matukar fa'ida don inganta tsarin tuki na motocin lantarki.
(3) Abu ne mai sauƙi don gane aiki mai nisa huɗu, gane sake fasalin makamashi, da kuma kula da ƙarfin birki mai ƙarfi a yankin aiki mai sauri.
(4) Farawa na yanzu na motar yana da ƙananan, babu wani tasiri akan baturi, kuma karfin farawa yana da girma, wanda ya dace da farawa mai nauyi.
(5) Dukansu motar da mai canza wutar lantarki suna da ƙarfi sosai kuma abin dogaro, sun dace da yanayi daban-daban masu tsauri da yanayin zafin jiki, kuma suna da daidaitawa mai kyau.
Bisa la'akari da fa'idodin da ke sama, akwai aikace-aikacen aikace-aikacen da yawa na injunan ƙin yarda a cikin motocin lantarki, bas ɗin lantarki da kekunan lantarki a gida da waje].
Saboda motar da ba ta so ta canza tana da fa'idodin tsari mai sauƙi, ƙaramin farawa na yanzu, kewayon ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun saurin gudu, da ingantaccen iko, yana da fa'idodin aikace-aikacen da fa'idah mai fa'ida a cikin fa'idodin gantry, injin wanki, da motocin lantarki.Akwai aikace-aikace masu amfani da yawa a cikin fagagen da aka ambata a sama.Ko da yake akwai wani mataki na aikace-aikace a kasar Sin, har yanzu yana cikin ƙuruciyarsa kuma har yanzu ba a sami damar yin amfani da shi ba.An yi imanin cewa aikace-aikacen sa a cikin fagagen da aka ambata a sama za su ƙara ƙaruwa sosai.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-18-2022